
Class 

Book 



COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT 



/ 






Cuyahoga County 
Soldiers' and Sailors' 
Monument, ^ ^ 

Cleveland, O., U. S. A. 




Viev/ from Northeast. 



Brief Historical Sketch 



OF THE 



CUYAHOGA COUNTY 

Soldiers' and Sailors 

Monument. 



COMPLETE DESCRIPTION 

OF THE 

MEMORIAL STRUCTURE 
DEDICATION PROGRAMME. 



r » • \ * 



PUBLISHED BY THE MONUMENT COMMISSIONERS, 

CLEVELAND, OHIO. 

1896. 



AUG 19189$ 






Copyright, 1896, 

By Francis M. Van Etten, 

New York City. 



CUYAHOGA COUNTY 

Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument 

Commission. 



WILLIAM J. GLEASON, President. 
LEVI F. BAUDER, Secretary. 
J. B. MOLYNEAUX, J. J. ELWELL, 

EDWARD H. BOHM, CHARLES C. DEWSTOE, 

LEVI T. SCOFIELD, JAMES HAYR, 

EMORY W. FORCE, Dr. R. W. WALTERS, 

JAMES BARNETT, M. D. LEGGETT. 



Executive Committee. 

WILLIAM J. GLEASON, Chairman. 
LEVI F. BAUDER, Secretary. 
JAMES BARNETT, J. B. MOLYNEAUX, 

JAMES HAYR, LEVI T. SCOFIELD. 



The Perpetual Commission. 

WILLIAM J. GLEASON, President. 

JOSEPH B. MOLYNEAUX, Secretary. 

J. J. ELWELL, JAMES PICKANDS. 

M. D. LEGGETT, EDWARD H. BOHM, 

CHARLES C. DEWSTOE. 



LEVI T. SCOFIELD, Architect and Sculptor. 





(View from Northwest.) 

CUYAHOGA COUNTY SOLDIERS' AND SAILORS' MONUMENT, 

Cleveland, O., U. S. A. 



Brief Historical Sketch of the 
Monument Project. 




HE idea of erecting a monument to commem- 
orate the valor and patriotism of the Union 
Soldiers and Sailors of Cuyahoga County, 
I® State of Ohio, in the War of the Rebellion, 
P from 1861 to 1865, was first proposed by Com- 
rade William J. Gleason at a meeting of Camp Bar- 
nett, Soldiers' and Sailors' Society, held in Cleve- 
land, Ohio, on the evening of October 2 2d, 1879. The 
original resolution introduced was as follows : 

Ki Resolved : That the President of the Society be and is 
hereby directed to appoint a committee of three, whose duty 
it will be to formulate a plan for the erection of a suitable mon- 
ument or memorial to commemorate the Union Soldiers and 
Sailors of Cuyahoga County." 

The project was unanimously and enthusiastically 
approved, whereupon President Charles C. Dewstoe 
appointed Comrades William J. Gleason, Edward H. 
Bohm and Joseph B. Molyneaux as the committee. 

At this time arrangements were being perfected for 
a grand reunion of all ex-soldiers and sailors of Cuya- 
hoga County, to be held in Case Hall, Cleveland, O., 




STATUE OF LIBERTY. 



October 30th, 1879. The committee named were re- 
quested to report to this meeting the feasibility of the 
undertaking and a plan for carrying it out. The com- 
mittee discussed several modes of procedure and finally 
adopted the plan proposed by Comrade Gleason, as 
follows : 

"To the Union Soldiers and Sailors of Cuyahoga County ; 

" COMRADES : — The undersigned committee, appointed by 
a meeting of ex- soldiers and sailors held in the City of Cleve- 
land, Wednesday evening, October 22d, 1879, to take into 
consideration the feasibility of the erection of a Monument and 
a plan for carrying it out, submit the following report : 

" For the purpose of perpetuating the memory of the men 
of Cuyahoga County who responded to the call of patriotism 
in the War of the Rebellion, we favor the erection of a Memor- 
ial Monument. Believing that the people of this County ap- 
preciate the gallantry and heroism of the soldiers and sailors 
who represented them in the Union Army and Navy in the 
years of the Rebellion, and feeling that the record made at 
that time by the men who went from their midst redounds 
to the glory and is the common heritage of the people of this 
County, we favor the building of a monument by the entire 
people of Cuyahoga County. To accomplish this result, we 
recommend that our Senator and Representatives to the Gen- 
eral Assembly of Ohio draft a bill, and use their influence in 
its passage by the Legislature, authorizing the levying of a 
tax on all the property of the County, said money to be placed 
in a special fund, to be known and designated as the Cuyahoga 
County Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument Fund ; said fund to 
be applied to the erection of a suitable monument that will 
stand for ages as a Memorial to our County, and be a perpet- 
ual reminder to the present and future generations of the sen- 
timent entertained by all loyal people for the volunteer soldiers 
and sailors who risked their lives in defense of a free, united 
country. We further recommend that the Convention of ex- 



Soldiers and Sailors appoint a committee of seven ex- soldiers, 
who will have all plans submitted to them, and also have sole 
charge of the erection of the Monument. 

" We would earnestly recommend that the Monument be 
located in the center of Monumental Park, in the City of Cleve- 
land. Respectfully submitted, 

Wm. J. Gleason, 
[Signed.] Edward H. Bohm, 

J. B. Molyneaux, 
Committee Camp Barnett, Soldiers' 
and Sailors' Society. 
Cleveland, O., October 30th, 1879." 

The general convention held in Case Hall, October 
30th, 1879, at which more than twelve hundred ex-sol- 
diers and sailors were registered as being in attend- 
ance, unanimously adopted the plan proposed by the 
foregoing committee. The convention thereupon 
elected Comrades Wm. J. Gleason, Edward H. Bohm, 
Emory W. Force, W. F. Goodspeed, E. H. Eggleston, 
Levi T. Scofield and Edwin Andrews a permanent 
committee on the erection of the Cuyahoga County 
Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument. 

This convention was presided over by Comrade 
James Barnett. The principal speakers on the occa- 
sion were Comrades James A. Garfield, James B. 
Steadman and William H. Gibson. 

Subsequently, at the request of the Monument 
Committee, Comrades Thomas J. Carran, A. J. Wil- 
liams, W. T. Clark, W. D. Pudney and J. Dwight 
Palmer drafted and introduced suitable bills in the 
Ohio Senate and House, securing all of the necessary 
legislation. 



Description of the Memorial. 



AT a meeting of the Cuyahoga County Soldiers' 
and Sailors' Union, held at Bedford, June 1 7, 
1886, it was determined that the time had 
arrived to commence the undertaking, which had for 
many years been contemplated by that body, of erect- 
the Memorial that had been authorized by Legislative 
enactment ; accordingly a vote was taken as to the 
character and style of the structure, and the result 
was about an equal division as to the desirability of 
a shaft or a Memorial Hall. Capt. J. B. Molyneaux 
suggested the happy idea of combining the two plans, 
by having for a central feature a shaft or column 
and at the base a Memorial or relic room, which was 
afterward changed to a tablet room. This suggestion 
was enthusiastically adopted and the committee was 
instructed to proceed with the work of preparing 
plans and construction. Captain Molyneaux intro- 
duced a resolution inviting Captain Levi T. Scofield 
to prepare plans and designs for the Monument. 
Captain Scofield declined to accept employment, and, 
later on, the appointment of Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Plans ; but finally consented to act with 
the Committee on Plans on condition that the entire 
Monument Committee would aid in preparing the 



II 



designs, he agreeing to put their ideas in shape, 
when furnished, providing they would accept such 
services without compensation. This was agreed to, 
and the Committee at once commenced their task. 
An act was passed May 5, 1888, appointing a com- 
mission of twelve members, to act independently of the 
County Commissioners. The new Board were unan- 
imously in favor of departing from the stereotyped 
Soldiers' Monument design, and instead prepared 
one that would be historical and educational as per- 
taining to events of the war for the preservation of 
the Union. The principal features of the exterior of 
the Monument are four realistic groups of bronze 
statuary, representing in heroic size the four principal 
branches of the service: Infantry, Artillery, Cavalry 
and the Navy; not in the stiff and inartistic attitudes 
of dress parade, but in fierce conflict, with worn gar- 
ments to accord, and the supple action of men whose 
muscles are trained by rushing through brush and 
swamps to capture breastworks. With this in view 
it was deemed inappropriate to have for a background 
to such scenes a building in classical Gothic, Rom- 
anesque or other popular style of architecture, but 
instead to substitute a style made up entirely of mil- 
itary and naval emblems. 

The foundation of the column, or shaft proper, 
is twelve feet square, around which is the tablet 
room, the four walls of which are lined with beau- 
tifully colored marble tablets on which are engraved 
the names of the ten thousand of Cuyahoga's 




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brave sons who were willing to risk their all lor 
their country. To have an ample space from which 
to view these tablets necessitated the planning of a 
room forty feet square, and, to be properly propor- 
tioned, twenty feet high. The walls are three feet 
thick. Surrounding the building is an esplanade 
five feet above the grade line and approached by 
circular steps at the four corners. Upon the same 
are built four missive pedestals each nine by twenty- 
one feet and ten feet high. To secure a proper 
walking and standing space around these pedestals 
and the necessary railings, required the building of 
an esplanade one hundred feet square. To the top 
of the surmounting figure above the carefully pro- 
portioned column and building is one hundred and 
twenty -five feet. 

The steps and massive platforms composing the 
esplanade are of red Medina stone polished to a 
smooth surface. The ramps and pedestals of same 
are of buff Amherst stone. The building is of black 
Quincy granite, random coursed, with Amherst stone 
trimmings. The roof of this structure is made of 
slabs of stone twelve inches thick, ingeniously fitted 
together so as to be absolutely water tight. Above 
the roof is a connecting pedestal to the die of the 
column in the form of a bastioned fort with pains 
in barbette, the projecting bastions forming an outline 
that blends with the sloping gables of the building, 
making harmonious connections between the column 
and the broad base of the Monument. 




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The die of the column is of Amherst stone, rep- 
resenting a section of a fortified tower, is nine feet 
in diameter with projecting moldings twelve feet. 
The shaft of the column is of polished black Ouincy 
granite in ten blocks, each weighing about fourteen 
tons, the lower end seven feet in diameter and the 
upper six and one half feet. At the alternate joints 
of the shaft are six bronze foliated bands, seventeen 
inches in width, containing the names of thirty of 
the most prominent battles of the War commencing 
alphabetically at the top in the following order: 
Antietam, Atlanta, Bentonville, Cedar Mountain, 
Chickamauga, Corinth, Donelson, Five Forks, Fort 
Fisher, Franklin, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, Kenne- 
saw, Knoxville, Mission Ridge, Mobile, Monitor- Mer- 
rimac, Nashville, New Orleans, Pea Ridge, Perryville, 
Petersburg, Resaca, Richmond, Shiloh, Spotsylvania, 
Stone River, Vicksburg, Fort Wagner, Wilderness 
and Winchester. The above list was compiled after 
corresponding with some of the most prominent his- 
torians and generals of the army. 

All that shows above the granite shaft, about 
forty-one feet in height, is of cast bronze, weighing 
about thirty thousand pounds. The first member 
above or neck of the column is in the form of a 
gabion. The bell of the capital is divided by eight 
bent fasces, between which are the emblems of the 
eight principal branches of the service — Infantry, 
Cavalry, Artillery, Navy, Engineers, Ordnance, Sig- 
nal and Ouartermaster. 



i7 

The volutes of the capital, while properly propor- 
tioned, have a resemblance to pieces of artillery, with 
wheels, muzzles, trails, etc. The abacus is pierced for 
armament and is nearly twelve feet across in its widest 
part. These different members are separated by 
ropes, blockading chains, etc., instead of moldings; a 
row of cap pouches is substituted for leaf ornaments. 
Above the abacus the pedestal is in the form of a mon- 
itor turret with projecting guns, terminating with a 
member encircled with the stars and stripes, on which 
stands the Amazonian figure of Liberty, fifteen feet in 
height, in the attitude of defense. 

The bronze statuary in the four groups on the ped- 
estal is made about one- third larger than life, being 
from seven and one-half to eight feet two inches in 
height. 

The Infantry group, representing "The Color 
Guard," was from an actual incident of the War, and de- 
picts with vivid truthfulness, as the sculptor saw it, the 
gallant defense of the flag of the 103rd Ohio Infantry, at 
the battle of Resaca, where the lion-hearted sergeant, 
Martin Striebler, and his gallant guard of eight corpo- 
rals, stood before the enemy's fire until they were all 
killed or wounded. 

The Artillery group, "At Short Range," repre- 
sents a piece in action, fully manned, with an officer 
in command. The gun is depressed ; the abandoned 
shell in front shows that cannister has been substi- 
tuted. No. 1 has rammed the charge home ere the 
deadly minie ball pierced his heart, and he clutches 




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the rammer rigidly as he throws himself across the 
gun for support. No. 2 has fallen in his position. No. 
3, the reliable red -whiskered farmer, has left the vent 
and taken the Corporal's place at the trail. No. 4, 
while attaching the lanyard hook to the friction primer, 
is looking down at his fallen comrade. The sturd\- 
gunner, with left hand on elevating screw, while notic- 
ing the obstruction on the gun, holds his right hand 
out from the trail, giving notice for the men to be 
steady. The officer, who has been looking with his 
field glass, has not noticed his wounded men, and, 
pointing with his finger, says, " A little more to the 
right, Corporal." 

The Cavalry group, " The Advance Guard," repre- 
sents a detachment that has struck the line of the en- 
emy. A trooper is still astride his horse that has fallen 
with a bad wound. A venturesome Confederate soldier 
has noticed his predicament and has made a rush for 
the guidon, but the cavalryman has whipped out his 
revolver and has given " Johnny Reb " one in the face, 
and is prepared for another shot. A fine-looking Con- 
federate officer has seized the rebel flag from the fallen 
bearer, and is cheering his men to the assault. A 
dismounted trooper in front, on one knee, is coverino- 
his man with his carbine. The bugler has been sent 
forward from the reserve by his officer to see how mat- 
ters are progressing at the front; finding them hard 
pressed, and stubbornly trying to hold their ground, 
he has dismounted, and is sending back a bugle call 
for assistance. The Confederate soldiers were intro- 



21 



duced in this historical group to show to posterity what 
they and their flag were like. 

The Navy group, " Mortar Practice," represents a 
scene near Island No. 10 on the Mississippi River, 
where an officer and five men are loading a mortar, 
preparatory to shelling the intrenchments. 

As before stated, the character of the building is in 
the order of military and naval emblems. The win- 
dows represent semi-circular casement openings, with 
vertical cannons supporting the caps instead of col- 
umns. The metope spaces in the frieze of the cornice 
are filled with richly carved army corps badges, encir- 
cled with laurel wreaths planted on shields. The tri- 
glyphs separating them are in the form of the stars and 
stripes of our flag. The cresting of the cornice is 
formed of embattlements through which show muzzles 
of guns. At the four corners of the cornice are pedes- 
tals suggesting capstans, on which are supported bronze 
flag poles. The stars and stripes float from one pole 
every day of the year, on holidays at the four corners. 

Over the doors at each of the north and south en- 
trances are panels with the dates 1 861-1865. Over 
the north entrance is the Ohio State Seal, and over 
the south entrance the United States Seal, flanked 
by battle-axes and draped flags. The gables at the 
east and west sides have respectively the badges 
of the Grand Army of the Republic and the Loyal 
Legion, bordered with draped flags. In the north and 
south gables in bold letters are engraved: "Soldiers' 
and Sailors' Monument." 



23 

Upon entering the building from Superior Street, 
the visitor is struck with an effective group of life- 
size figures in a cast bronze panel, seven by ten 
feet, representing the Emancipation of the Slave. 
The central figure in full relief is Abraham Lincoln, 
his right hand extended holding the shackles that 
have been taken from the bondsman kneeling at his 
feet, while with the left he hands him the gun and 
accoutrements. This feature .explains more clearly 
the law which authorized Lincoln to issue the proc- 
lamation, and also required the Government to employ 
the slave as a soldier. On the right hand of the 
President stand Salmon P. Chase and John Sherman, 
the financial men of the war period, and on the left 
are Ben. Wade and Joshua R. Giddings, who were 
Lincoln's main stays in the anti-slavery movements. 
In the background, in bas-relief, are represented the 
Army and the Navy. Overhead is the closing para- 
graph of the proclamation, written by Chase and adopt- 
ed by Lincoln, "And upon this act, sincerely believed 
to be an act of justice, warranted by the Constitu- 
tion, upon military necessity, I invoke the considerate 
judgment of mankind and the gracious favor of 
Almighty God." 

The panel on the west side of the shaft is called 
'•The Beginning of the War, in Ohio." The three 
central figures are the war governors Dennison, Tod 
and Brough, flanked on the right by Generals McClel- 
lan, Cox and Garfield, and on the left by Generals 
Rosecrans, Hayes and Gilmore. In the background 



25 

on one side is represented the recruiting service, and 
on the other the troops marching to the front. 

The panel on the south side represents the Sani- 
tary Commission, the Soldiers' Aid Society and the 
Hospital Service The figures shown are Mrs. Benj. 
Rouse, President ; Miss Mary Clarke Brayton, Secre- 
tary ; Miss Ellen F. Terry, Treasurer; Miss Sarah 
Mahan, Clerk, and Vice-Presidents Mrs. John Shelley, 
Mrs William Melhinch and Mrs. J. A. Harris. The 
hospital work is represented by Mrs. R. B. Hayes, 
Mrs. Peter Thatcher and a Sister of Charity dressing 
the arm of a wounded soldier lying on a cot. 1 Under 
this panel is the official list of names of those who were 
active in assisting the officers of the Commission during 
the war. 

The fourth panel is entitled " The End of the War ; 
or, The Peacemakers at City Point " The scene is where 
Lincoln left his steamer " River Queen" and went 
ashore to visit Grant's headquarters. Gen. Sherman 
had been invited by Grant to visit him for con- 
sultation, as he usually did before making any import- 
ant movement ; he was accompanied by Gen. Leggett. 
The other figures in the group are Robert T. Lincoln, 
Generals Rawlins, Crook, Sheridan, Custer, Meade, 
Ord, Warren, Humphrey and Commodore Porter, 
fourteen in all. This conference led to the battle of 
Five Forks and the surrender of Lee's army at Appo- 
mattox. 

These bronze historical panels are framed with 
molded colored marble bases, with massive fasces at 





BRONZE DOORS, NORTH AND SOUTH ENTRANCES. 



~7 

the four corners, and heavy molded caps. Above the 
panels, and extending to the ceiling, the shaft is encased 
in colored marble. In each of the four faces are 
three large-sized bronze medallions of prominent Ohio 
commanders, the officers chosen being Hon. E. M. 
Stanton, Secretary of War ; Generals J. B. McPherson, 
James B. Hazen, A. McDowell McCook, Manning F. 
Force, James B. Steadman, J. S. Casement, A. C. Voris, 
J. J. Elwell, George W. Morgan, Emerson Opdycke 
and Dr. C. A. Hartman. 

Between the arches of the windows on the east and 
west walls are six niches in which rest bronze busts of 
officers who were killed in action : Col. W. R. Creigh- 
ton, Lieut-Col. Mervin Clark, Maj. J. B. Hampson, 
Capt. Wm. W. Hutchinson, Capt. William Smith and 
Capt. W. J. Woodward. 

By a vote of the Commission, the bronze busts of 
Gen. James Barnett and Capt. Levi T. Scofield were 
ordered placed over the north and south doors, the 
former in honor of his distinguished patriotism during 
the war, he having held the highest rank of any soldier 
of our county; the latter in recognition of his brilliant 
services as architect and sculptor, to the people of the 
county and to the Commissioners. 

The marble ceiling is composed of heavy slabs of 
light blue color about six feet six inches square, and 
the molded ribs surrounding same are of a rich green 
color. In the marble work over the entrances are two 
inscriptions. Over the north entrance : 



28 

Cuyahoga County's tribute to those who gave and those 
who offered to give their lives, that the nation might live. 

Written by President William J. Gleason. 

Over the south entrance : 

Break ranks and rest till the last trumpet's call 
Shall sound the fateful reveille for all. 

Written by Secretary Levi F. Bauder. 

On the shaft, above the panel of the Sanitary Com- 
mission, is engraved the following quotation from a 
patriotic address of Henry Ward Beecher : 

" How bright are the honors which await those who, with 
sacred fortitude and patriotic patience, have endured all things 
that they might save their native land from division and from 
the power of corruption. The honored dead ! They that die 
for a good cause are redeemed from death. Their names are 
gathered and garnered. Their memory is precious. Oh, tell 
me not that they are dead ! That generous host, that airy 
army of invisible heroes. They hover as a cloud of witnesses 
above this nation. Are they dead that yet speak louder than 
we can speak, and a more universal language ? Are they dead 
that yet act ? Are they dead that yet move upon society, 
and inspire the people with nobler motives and more heroic 
patriotism ? Till the mountains are worn out, and the rivers 
forget to flow ; till the clouds are weary of replenishing springs, 
and the springs forget to gush, and the rills to sing, shall their 
names be kept fresh with reverent honors which are inscribed 
upon the book of National Remembrance." 

The floor is laid out in emblematic patterns of 
marble mosaic, two feet wide around the shaft and 
next to the outer wall, where a bronze railing is placed 
to protect the tablets and panels. Between the rail- 
ings is the walking-space laid with a marquetry of 



2 9 

red and white Medina stone, four inches thick, with 
upper surface polished. 

From the ceiling is suspended a rich cast bronze 
electrolier encircling the shaft midway between same 
and outer wall, with reflectors for both shaft and walls, 
containing i 20 incandescent lights. At the four cor- 
ners are suspended handsome combination chande- 
liers for gas and electricity. 

The building is heated by electricity, with forty 
electrical radiators that have been placed around the 
walls, guaranteed to heat the rooms to 75 degrees in 
zero weather. The radiators are concealed by brass 
screens perforated in the designs of corps and army 
badges. The window openings have bronze frames 
and sash that are hinged at the bottom and open at 
the top, worked with a chain and gearing to each sep- 
arate sash. The windows are glazed with stained 
glass in emblematic iri' saic patterns. On the side 
next to the cavalry group, the designs show nearly 
everything that is used in the cavalry service, boots 
and saddles, horseshoes, flags, carbines, revolvers, an- 
vils, swords, etc. Appropriate emblems are on the 
other three sides. Those who served in the different 
branches can pick out in the brilliant colors of opales- 
cent glass everything that was familiar to them, from 
a small screw up to the heaviest ordnance. 

The sash are made double, so that an extra thick- 
ness of Florentine glass, placed on the outside, will 
conceal the raw colors of the light opalescent glass, 
which otherwise would show on the exterior. 



3° 

The bronze doors are of excellent construction, 
and have rich panels with emblematic designs of the 
four branches of service and some of the staff depart- 
ments. There are also cast bronze grilled doors of 
rich design to correspond with the surroundings. All 
the above doors have no hinges, but work with pivots 
in bronze sockets let into the stonework above and 
below. The locks are of the same construction as 
are used in bank safes. 

On three sides of the Monument, in the grass 
plots, are set out every summer, in beautiful colored 
flowering plants, beds representing the twenty-four 
corps of the army, the cavalry corps and signal ser 
vice ; and on the Superior Street side, large badges 
of the Grand Army of the Republic, Woman's Relief 
Corps, the Loyal Legion, the Union Veterans' Union, 
the Sons of Veterans and the Ladies of the Grand 
Army. 



THE DEDICATION. 



The Memorial was dedicated July 4, 1894, under 
the direction of the Board of Monument Commission- 
ers. The Dedicatory Exercises, commencing at 9 
o'clock, were held on the Public Square in a large 
amphitheatre erected for the purpose, with the follow- 
ing programme : 

Sunrise Salute of One Hundred Guns. 

Grand Concert by the Great Western Band under the direction of Prof. 
F. H. Hruby. 

Prayer— Rev. Dr. John Mitchell. 

Song— Columbia, Columbia— words by Mrs. N. Coe Stewart ; music by 
N. Coe Stewart— School Children's Chorus. 

Introductory Address— Gov. Wm. McKinley, President of the Day. 

Music— American Flag Song— Zitndel— School Children's Chorus. 

Reading of the Declaration of Independence — Virgil P. Kline, Esq. 

Song— The Red, White and Blue— School Children's Chorus. 

Oration— The Soldiers' Monument and the Lessons of Patriotism it teaches 
— by the Orator of the Day, Hon. Joseph B. Foraker. 

Song— The Star Spangled Banner— School Children's Chorus. 

Reading of an Original Poem — Rev. Dr. Levi Gilbert. 

Song — America — School Children's Chorus. 

Benediction — Monsignor T. P. Thorpe. 

National Salute of Forty-Four Guns at mid-day. 

Grand Procession— under direction of Grand Marshal Gen. M. D. Leggett, 
at 1.30 P. M., consisting of all the Military and Civic Organizations in the 
county. 

Naval Salute at sunset. 

The city was gorgeously decorated and lighted up until midnight. 



The cost in round figures was $280,000. Purely 
original in design and detail, it strikingly carries out 



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32 

the active scenes and incidents of the civil war. It is 
a magnificent tribute to the patriotism of the Union 
soldiers and sailors, freely given by the entire people 
of Cuyahoga County. The Monument is continually 
open to the public day and evening, free of cost, to the 
stranger as well as the citizen, and a visit to it will be 
a pleasure to all who admire genuine and realistic art. 




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